主演导演：JeanRouch语言：法语地区:法国编剧：类型：纪录片/短片上映时间：2004-04-17 别名：MadMasters用户标签：纪录片,法国,短片,Jean_Rouch,JeanRouch,让·鲁什,documentary,1950s片长：36分钟imdb编号：tt0048363 LesMaitresFousisabouttheceremonyofareligioussect,theHauka,whichwaswides readinWestAfricafromthe1920stothe1950s.Hauka artici antswereusuallyruralmigrantsfromNigerwhocametocitiessuchasAccrainGhana(thenGoldCoast),wheretheyfoundworkaslaborersinthecity'slumberyards,asstevedoresatthedocks,orinthemines.Therewereatleast30,000 racticingHaukainAccrain1954whenJeanRouchwasaskedbyasmallgrou tofilmtheirannualceremonyDuringthisritual,whichtook laceonafarmafewhoursfromthecity,theHaukaenteredtranceandwere ossessedbyvariouss iritsassociatedwiththeWesterncolonial owers:thegovernorgeneral,theengineer,thedoctor'swife,thewickedmajor,thecor oraloftheguard. 　　 　　TherootsoftheHaukalieintraditional ossessioncultscommonamongtheSonghayandDjerma eo lesoftheNigerRiverbasin.Giftedmenandwomenmayentertranceandbecome ossessedbyanyofanumberofstronggods,suchasDongo,godofthunderandthesky.Su licantsconsultthegodthroughthetrancingmediumandreceiveadviceabouttheir roblems,curesfordiseases,comfortandsu ort,orre rimandsfortheirwrongdoings.Likethesetraditional ossessioncults,theHaukasectco-existedwithIslamandincor oratedmanyIslamicsaintsandheroesintoitsrituals.MostofitsadherentswereMuslims. 　　 　　Haukafirsta earedinNiger,itisthought,inthe ersonofaformersoldierwho artici atedinthesavagebattlesofthesecondGermanoffensiveofWorldWarIin1917and1918,inwhichWestAfricantroo sweredecimateddes itetheirs ectacular erformance.Thissoldiermadethe ilgrimagetoMeccaandreturnedtoNigerinthe1920s.Inhisvillage,inRouch'saccount,hefoundthe eo le"doingatraditionaldanceandthesoldierwas ossessed,veryviolently ossessed,andwhile ossessedhesaid'Iamtheavant-gardeofthenewgodswhoarecomingfromMalia[theRedSea].MynameisGovernorMaliaandIamthefirstofthenewgodswhoarecomingandtheyarethegodsofstrength'." 　　 　　TheHaukawerequicklysu ressedbytheFrenchauthoritiesinNiger,withthesu ortoftraditionalchiefsand riestswhofearedthe o ularityofthenewmovementanditschallengetoestablishedauthority.ButtheHaukacults read,evenwithinthejailwalls,andby1935theBritishadministrationinGhanaagainattem tedtosu ressitandtojailthecultists.Firesbrokeoutinres onsethroughoutAccra,andeventuallytherewasanagreementthatHauka riestswouldlimittheirceremoniestocertain lacesandtoSaturdaysandSundays.Thiswasstillthecasein1954whenRouchfilmedLesMaitresFous,whichwasbannedbythecolonialgovernmentin1955. 　　 　　TheHaukamovementwasa henomenonofthecolonialera.Aftertheinde endenceofGhanain1957,migrationwascontrolledandmanyHaukawhohadsettledinAccrareturnedtoNiger.Nigeritselfgainedinde endencethreeyearslater,andtheHaukabegantosubsideandtobeabsorbedintothetraditionalreligioussystem.Dongo,forexam le,theoldgodofthunder,isnowconsideredthefatheroftheHauka.AsRouchhas ointedout,"therewasnomorecolonial owerandthereneverwasaHaukacalledKwameN'krumah."Theeventsfilmedre resenttheendoftheHaukadevelo ment.TodaythefilmisshowninthevillagesofGhanaandintheNigerCulturalCenter. 　　 　　TheimageryinLesMaitresFousis owerfulandoftendisturbing: ossessedmenwithrollingeyesandfoamingatthemouth,eatingasacrificeddog(inviolationoftaboo),burningtheirbodieswithnamingtorches.Beyondtheimagery,thethemesarealso owerful,andhavehadanim actinourownculture:JeanGenet'sTheBlackswasmodeledu ontheHaukainversioninwhichblacksassumetheroleofmasters,andPeterBrook'sMarat/SadewasinfluencedbythetheatricalityandinventedlanguageofHauka ossession.Yet,asRouchremindsusinaninterviewinCineaste, ossessionfortheHaukacultistswasnottheaterbutreality.Thesignificanceofthisrealityisleftambiguousinthefilm,althoughRouch'scommentarysuggeststhattheritual rovidesa sychologicalreleasewhichenablestheHaukatobegoodworkersandtoendureadegradingsituationwithdignity.Theunex loredrelationoftheHaukamovementtotheircolonialex erience1-S erha sthemostintriguingissueraisedbythisceremonyinwhichtheo ressedbecome,foraday,the ossessedandthe owerful. < class="comment">《通灵仙师电影网友评论》 < class="com">看起来非常conventional的人类学a roach纪录片，但其实确是没有任何一点conventional的地方了，鲁什，又一个“天真”的创作者。 < class="com">展现传统与现代两种生活形态的对照，相对于此前单纯展现“原始社会”的片子，可以说Rouch迈出了一大步。 < class="com">介于艺术与人文学之间，分裂般的癫狂究竟是发泄还是获得力量，它与清醒理智究竟哪种是原始状态，视听很不错 < class="com">让·鲁什的电影基本上就是一直有解说，英文字幕都这么高端，而且我从不知如何欣赏所谓的“真实电影”。 < class="com">撸完无语。毫无美感，但觉真实。黑人兄弟们的舞蹈和行为真的很奇怪，他们的脑洞应该足够大吧。 < class="com">影像人类学，让·鲁什现身说法，融入非洲，通灵跳神，神秘仪式，主观和客观记录之辩。 < class="com">@影视人类学这个才算是cultfilm嘛！后殖民主义时代的断裂和种种隐喻 < class="com">原来是个带有反抗殖民统治意味的docufiction，说是纪录片不合适吧。 < class="com">1.注意拍摄年代，加纳那时是怎样的国家；2.注意他们通灵后扮演的角色。 < class="com">28MAveclavoixdeJeanRouch.0310 < class="com">这题目翻译得太烂了，还不如直译，保留双关语。 < class="com">“美国众神”+“疯癫与文明”3.5 《通灵仙师》的观看地址： http://www.wxszxjh.com/sp/nkWBxldvBpDM.html由西瓜电影网提供,欢迎转发分享！